The ASOMI College of Sciences is based on the experience of an educational model that combines the effectiveness of the training developed within the academic context.

Our goal is to provide innovative educational models that can develop effective results and grant quality to students, professionals and people who have decided to implement their education, building a learning environment in which they become the protagonists of the learning experience.
We develop a pathway that transfers knowledge, strengthens it and transforms it into skills, allowing people to achieve concrete results.

Our vision is to increase synergies, which take resources from decades of experience, results on the field, and academic partnerships and accreditations such as the one with a renowned British institution, the Swansea University.

The ACS project addresses its educational offer at national and international level by developing academic partnerships able to provide opportunities for the enrichment of its students.

The lecturers and mentors, involved in the projects and educational activities, have acquired an important professional reputation and will make their expertise available to learners. In fact, in each academic path, professionals of recognised value and ability will take part as lecturers and through a blended education model (residential in-house and e-learning). We will provide a product that is intended to be pragmatic and grounded, but also aware of the importance of innovation.
The attention regarding the international guidelines in the educational environment finds its place in a pathway fully designed to meet the students’ aims and expectations.
ACS develops its work considering its students, collaborators and staff at the centre of the training process giving them new opportunities and investing in their growth, training and development. Particular attention is given to all the processes of inclusiveness and equality of treatment, regarding both students and staff.
Therefore, ACS will set and develop a qualified staff that will correctly comply with the management of the administrative activities necessary to offer a wide range of services to students and the ability to be highly responsive and operating in any kind of situation.

1. this group will be made up of students from 18yo to 25yo that have completed their high school
   diploma and are interested in developing a career as an osteopathic practitioner
2. this group will be made up of students from 21yo to 65yo that have completed a prior academic
   path which led them to a degree in some other fields (sport science, sport therapy, biology,
   health professionals (i.e. nurses, physiotherapist, occupational therapist, midwife,
   nutritionist) and are interested in implementing their professional activities or to start a new
   career as an osteopathic practitioner
3. this group will be made up of students that are already osteopaths, and which obtained a
   professional diploma in their countries and their goal is to gain a higher academic level
   attending a top-up programme (conversion programme) reaching Bachelors Science (Hons) Osteopathy

• Manage presentation techniques with efficacy and simplicity
• Write fluently in English about all the topics that characterise the programme
• Explain technical topics to a non-technical audience
• Communicate with the patient showing comprehension and awareness
• Write a scientific piece of work (including the concepts of paraphrasing, summarising,
  synthesizing, and referencing)
• Show good listening skills, useful both for the professional and the personal life

• Outline the anatomy and physiology of the human body
• Apply safely the main osteopathic techniques
• Discuss the implications of the osteopathic treatment
• Compare different techniques and approaches in order to best encounter patients’ needs
• Evaluate own learning in order to improve knowledge and skills
• Collaborate with other professionals in the health field
• Supervise a clinical case, from the history taking to the treatment

Regarding the practical subjects the assessment strategies are different:

• written test (divided into sections, one for each subject, including both closed-ended and
  open-ended questions)
• oral examination
• practical assessment (during which we evaluate all the techniques)

Tel: (+356) 25953363
Email: cpcm.health@gov.mt

Future professionals will not have automatic access to the register.

Undergraduate Higher Diploma in Osteopathy (Level 5 – 120 ECTS)

BSc (Hons) Osteopathy (Level 6 – 240 ECTS)

1^st year:

1^st semester:

• Biology & Histology
• Biomechanics
• Anatomy (Musculoskeletal and vascular System)

2^nd semester:

• Principles of Osteopathy & Palpatory Anatomy
• Structural Osteopathy I
• Fascial Osteopathy I
• Scientific/medical English I

Internships will be carried out by students throughout the academic year.

2^nd year:
1^st semester:

• Visceral Anatomy & neuroanatomy
• Physiology
• Exercise Physiology
• Statistics & Evidence Based Medicine
• Pharmacology
• General pathophysiology

2^nd semester:

• Neurology & Neurological semiotics
• Structural Osteopathy II
• Fascial Osteopathy II
• Cranial Osteopathy I
• Scientific/medical English II
• First Aid

Internships will be carried out by students throughout the academic year.

3^rd year:
1^st semester:

• Nutrition
• Medical semiotics
• General Pathology
• Clinical Pathology
• Radiology
• Orthopaedics & Neurological tests

2^nd semester:

• Rheumatology
• Structural Osteopathy III
• Visceral Osteopathy I
• Cranial Osteopathy II
• Fascial Osteopathy III & Muscle Energy Techniques

Internships will be carried out by students throughout the academic year.

4^th year:
1^st semester:

• Physiatry
• Obstetrics, gynaecology & paediatrics
• Psychology and Sociology
• Structural Osteopathy IV
• Fascial Osteopathy IV

2^nd semester:

• Visceral Osteopathy II
• Cranial Osteopathy III
• Integrated Differential Diagnosis
• Sports Osteopathy
• Research Methodology

Internships will be carried out by students throughout the academic year.

Dissertation: At the end of the final semester of the fourth academic year, the student will focus on writing the thesis.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Discuss basic structures of the cell and the mechanisms involved in their functioning.
2. Illustrate the main metabolic pathways.
3. Illustrate microscopic images, differentiating healthy and pathologic tissues from unknown
   slide.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Describe the structure and the functioning of a eukaryotic cell and acquire an advanced
  understanding of the structural features.
• Apply the techniques employable to study cell ultra-structures and biochemical pathways.
• List the major biochemical molecules and pathways essential to cell viability and explain their
  relation to different organelles and cell processes.
• Recall the cell membrane structure and functioning and its implication in the control of
  biochemical pathways and cell processes.
• Describe the structure and role of the nucleus and therefore discuss its role in replication,
  transcription and translation of nucleic acids.
• Tell the mechanisms that control cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation, and discuss
  their correlations with human pathologies, aging, and cancer.
• Describe the tissue structure at microscopic level.
• Outline mechanisms and processes leading to cell and tissue damage.
• List the methodologies used to analyse organ and tissue samples.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• nalyse cell structures and the mechanisms involved in their functioning.
• Distinguish and illustrate the main metabolic pathways.
• Explain the structures and biochemical processes that are fundamental to life.
• Identify the peculiar functional characteristics of the different tissues
• Describe the main mechanisms leading to cells’ injury and death
• Analyse microscopic images and recognize tissues from unknown slide.
• Recognize main histological alterations

Competences:

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Comply with biomechanical principles and collection systems to monitor and analyse human motion
   in exercise and sport.
2. Carry out a full biomechanical analysis
3. Ensure the clinical practice
4. Apply mechanics to deal with the structure, function and motion of the human body.

Knowledge:

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Define biomechanics and list its relations with mechanics and kinematics
• Describe the concept of body, and the biophysical properties of connective tissues
• Recall the biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system in relation to the lumbar spine and lower
  limb function: the pelvis, hips, knees, feet.
• Define translation and rotation, axis of rotation, degrees of freedom of a joint, and the
  kinetic chain.
• Recall concepts of: insertion angle, agonist muscle, antagonist muscle, axis of rotation, center
  of gravity, flexion, maximum close-packed position, minimum loose-packed position, creep, degree
  of freedom, distraction (shear), spin, strain, stress, tension, force, reaction force, kinetic
  chain, and mechanical advantage

Skills:

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Use biomechanical principles and data collection methods.
• Describe, assess and analyse human motion in exercise and sport.
• Apply methodologies to undertake biomechanical analyses.
• Examine the structure, function and motion of the human body.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Be responsible for detect of muscular-skeletal system alterations.
2. Deal with the functioning of major muscle groups.
3. Recall knowledge about innervation to monitor the activation and functioning of various muscle
   groups.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• List generalities of bones, ligaments, tendons, joints, and muscles
• Describe the morphology of axial skeleton, external and internal cranium, and the skeleton of
  the extremities.
• Recall types of joint movements and articular dynamics.
• List and describe joints of the skull, spine, chest, upper limb, and lower limb.
• Describe form and action of skeletal muscle.
• Recite vertebral muscles of the neck and the trunk, muscles of the chest and abdomen, and
  muscles of the upper and lower limbs.
• Describe the musculoskeletal system at both macro- and microscopic levels
• Recall how muscle functioning can be altered in pathological conditions

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Identify bones and explain joint structures.
• Illustrate major muscle groups and their function.
• Review the innervations involved in the activation of various muscle groups.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Outline the historical development of osteopathy
2. Explore the different concepts and principles associated with osteopathy and its practice
3. Identify the main health care models associated with osteopathy

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Recall the origins and history of Osteopathy
• Describe the evolution of the osteopathic philosophy from A.T. Still until today
• Name the principles of osteopathy
• Identify the defining characteristics of the somatic dysfunction
• Quote the laws of Freyette

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Apply the principles of Osteopathy
• Appraise the principles of Osteopathy and their implications
• Discuss the laws of Freyette and their application
• Illustrate the physiological movements of the spinal column

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Assess the structure and function model
2. Analyse the principles of corrections and articulatory manoeuvres

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Identify normal anatomical landmarks and the main muscle groups
• Sequence the phases of the General Osteopathic Treatment
• Describe the aims of the General Osteopathic Treatment
• Define the functional vertebral unit
• Recall the neurophysiology of osteopathic dysfunction

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Present the theoretical knowledge and practical skills in the effective and safe practice of basic osteopathic techniques
• Practice palpation skills
• Practice the General Osteopathic Treatment
• Apply the principles of patient moving and handling
• Use proper osteopathic terminology
• Practice soft tissue palpation

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Using palpatory skills, ensure the identification of normal anatomical landmarks and the main muscle groups.
2. Be responsible to recognise normal findings of an osteopathic examination of the neuromusculoskeletal system.
3. Manage principles of patient moving and handling.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Define the osteopathic concepts of unit, structure / function, artery role, self-healing / homeostasis.
• Describe connective tissue anatomy, histology and physiology.
• Describe the fascial continuum and fascial layers.
• Define concepts of tensegrity and mechanical transduction.
• List straight fractured techniques, indirect balance point techniques, and skull-sacral techniques for the fascia.
• Recall the ankle anatomy and describe foot pressure test.
• Describe compression and decompression techniques in supine and prone position, and the tissue stretching.
• Recall the anatomy of the interosseous membrane of lower limb.
• Describe treatments of lower limb, such as tissue stretching, induction, recoil and indirect techniques, compression, sideration.
• Describe gluteal fascia and sacroiliac tissues.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Demonstrate an ability to use palpatory skills to identify normal anatomical landmarks and the main muscle groups.
• Show a basic knowledge of the generalities of fascia.
• Recognise normal findings of an osteopathic examination of the neuromusculoskeletal system.
• Demonstrate the principles of patient moving and handling.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Carry out professional discussions with a good use of the grammar
2. Ensure a wide vocabulary related to the profession
3. Produce a complete clinical record

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Recall the lexicon, morpho-syntactic structures and the communicative / argumentative functions of academic discourse.
• Acquire academic vocabulary, anatomical and clinical terms.
• Write a simple clinical record

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Demonstrate a good use of the grammar
• Show a wide vocabulary related to his profession
• Write clinical records
• Analyse clinical reports

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Collaborate with other professionals and collegues in the practice
2. Carry out tasks as asked

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Understand the basic principles of handling the patient
• Describe how a treatment needs to be managed

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Demonstrate good communication skills with the patient and other professionals
• Apply knowledge to the practice
• Identify relevant anatomical structures
• Undertake a full observation of the patient

Specifically, during this module, the student will see applied the techniques and concepts explained in the modules:

• Principles of Osteopathy & Palpatory Anatomy
• Structural Osteopathy I
• Fascial Osteopathy I

The internship hours need to be completed in order to access the next internship module (from one year to the other).
All the internship modules and hours need to be completed in order to complete the programme and obtain the degree.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Ensure an overview of localisation and structure of the various organs and interaction between them.
2. Comply with the topography and organization of central and peripheral nervous system.
3. Recall knowledge about innervation and vascularization to explain the functioning of various systems.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Describe the cardiovascular, respiratory, urogenital, gastrointestinal system, endocrine, and nervous systems of the human body at both macro- and microscopic levels.
• Explain the anatomical systems, their structures and how they cooperate.
• List the structures and describe the function of the cardiovascular system.
• Recite main blood vessels of the different body districts.
• identify the differences between fetal and postnatal circulation.
• Describe the fetal development of the different systems and apparatus.
• Recall the morphology of cerebrospinal axis and the integration among the different organs of the brain.
• Describe sensitive and motor pathways of both somatic and autonomic nervous systems.
• Describe and list cranial nerves, spinal nerves and plexus.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Identify the main macro- and microscopic features of the human organs.
• Illustrate localization and structure of the various organs, integrating the knowledge of the different anatomical regions to analyse the interaction among them.
• Describe topography and organization of central and peripheral nervous system.
• Compare the anatomy of the sensory and motor processing and higher cerebral function.
• Describe the structure of the heart and the course of main arterial and venous vessels.
• Explain the heart conducting system.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Monitor the function of nervous, muscular, and cardiovascular systems.
2. Carry out analysis for evaluating physiological processes involved in human body functioning.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Describe in detail the concepts of organ functioning, considering their interaction with the other structures of the main body systems;
• Recall the concept of homeostasis and the biophysical characteristics involved in the control of the body systems;
• Identify the feedback loops that are commonly used to physiologically control the body systems;
• Tell about adaptations induced by stress and the environment to the body systems.
• Describe the general functions and composition of blood, and the characteristics of aqueous component and corpuscular elements of blood.
• Demonstrate the understanding of the nervous system functioning, defining the role of action potential, synapses, and mediators.
• Tell about the functioning of the skeletal muscle, and find the differences with the heart muscle
• Describe the functioning of heart and the properties of the circulatory system
• Demonstrate the understanding of the respiratory and the excretory systems and their interconnection
• Define characteristics and mechanics of the digestive tract
• Identify the control mechanisms of the endocrine system and describe its functioning

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Illustrate the main concepts and principles of the neurophysiology, cardiovascular, respiratory and muscle physiology systems.
• Explain the interaction between different organs to achieve an integrated function.
• Analyse the homeostatic processes in response to external stimuli.
• Predict changes in body system functioning in response to alteration of their physiological control.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Monitor the physiological responses to exercise.
2. Be responsible to evaluate the physiological responses and chronic adaptations to exercises from both a theoretical and practical perspective.
3. Deal with the metabolic, cardiovascular and respiratory systems response to the acute stresses of physical activity of differing intensities and durations.
4. Carry out a basic body composition analysis to discuss the issue associated with a range of techniques.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Describe integrated responses induced by acute and chronic exercise on neuromuscular, metabolic, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems.
• List effects of exercise intensity and duration on the physiological responses to a single bout of exercise.
• Recall mechanisms of physiological adaptations in response to chronic bouts of exercise of various types.
• Describe physiological responses to exercise with respect to potential limitations in exercise performance.
• Discuss the significance of physiological adaptations to chronic exercise in terms of health and performance.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Perform a basic pre-exercise risk screening.
• Undertake effective and valid assessments of aerobic and anaerobic capacity.
• Compare the responses of individuals of differing levels of fitness to a variety of relative and absolute exercise intensities.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Be responsible of basic scientific processes, such as hypothesis formulation and data
   collection.
2. Ensure an appropriate use of descriptive and inferential statistical tests.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• List and describe descriptive statistics, defining variable and modes, types of qualitative and
  quantitative variables, frequency distributions, table, and graphic representations.
• Recall central trend and dispersion measures, and the symmetry index.
• Define probability and probability distributions.
• Define the terms population and sample, and describe sampling methods, and sampling
  distribution.
• Recall the statistical inference and tell about the hypothesis test procedure.
• Describe how to test hypothesis on an average and comparison between two averages.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Apply the statistical knowledge to determine the sample size.
• Choose the more suitable descriptive and inferential statistical tests.
• Evaluate the statistical soundness of a scientific paper that has been read.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Tell the advantages and disadvantages of the main routes of drug administration.
2. Describe the changes that the drug undergoes in the body.
3. Collaborate in reporting mechanism of action, side effects and toxicity of drugs.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Describe elements of pharmacokinetics, such as routes of drug administration, absorption,
  distribution, metabolism and elimination of drugs in healthy subjects and in patients.
• Define distribution volume, clearance, half-life, bioavailability, maintenance dose, and dose of
  loading.
• Describe elements of pharmacodynamics, and define agonist, antagonist, and partial agonist.
• Interpret dose-response curves and define pharmacological efficacy and potency.
• List the effect of drugs in specific populations, such as adverse effect and toxicity, drug
  interaction, abuse, tolerance, and addiction.
• Recall elements of pharmaceutical legislation and drug development and experimentation.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Illustrate advantages and disadvantages of the main routes of drug administration.
• Critically describe the changes that the drug undergoes in the body.
• Explain the choice of a specific pharmacological therapy.
• Predict the patient response to the drug considering the inter-patient variability.
• Explain the selection of differing drug therapies for the individual patient

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Collaborate with other healthcare professionals by having acquired specific terminology.
2. Ensure the identification and description of physiological condition abnormality.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• List the extrinsic causes of disease of physical, chemical and biological origin.
• Remember the intrinsic causes of illness correlated to genetics, immune response, and
  inflammation.
• Describe the types and phases of wound healing
• Describe the general pathology of infectious diseases, identifying infectious agent location,
  the involved immune response, and diagnostic laboratory.
• Define auto-inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
• Define the alterations in cell proliferation and differentiation.
• Recall cancer generalities, describe differences between benign and malignant cancers, define
  progression and metastasis, and list cancer grading and staging methods.
• Describe the alterations of thermoregulation.
• Define and describe phases and alterations of hemostasis
• List the alterations to red blood cells and the respective causes
• Identify the pressure control mechanisms and their pathological changes, listing effects of
  hypertension on the arteries, arterioles and infarction.
• Describe arterial and venous thrombosis, embolism, ischemia and infarction.
• Explain pathogenetic mechanisms of atherosclerosis, and its complications.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Identify disease risk factors.
• Describe main extrinsic and intrinsic causes of illness.
• Distinguish between different forms of illness
• Interpret simple laboratory examinations
• Identify and interpret simple symptoms and signs of underlying diseases.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Produce a complete patient anamnesis.
2. Deal with patients affected by cognitive and functional alteration.
3. Manage patients with degenerative and infectious diseases.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Define anamnesis and neurological objective examination.
• Describe altered motor function in relation to the site of the neurological lesion.
• Describe the rehabilitation of motor functions.
• Define cognitive functional alterations and describe the evaluation of cognitive functions.
• List cerebrovascular diseases and name clinical and rehabilitative framing.
• Describe degenerative, demyelinating, and infectious diseases that affect the central nervous
  system.
• Define alterations in consciousness and describe clinical anatomy and prognostic indicators.
• Describe the epilepsy and the anatomo-physiological bases electroencephalogram in epilepsy.
• Describe structure and function from the front and back roots to the muscles.
• Name the relationship between myelin and axon in physiology and pathology.
• Tell about peripheral nervous system injuries, focusing on neuronopathy, Wallerian degeneration,
  axonopathy and dying back process, and myelopathy.
• Describe pathology and semeiotics of radiculopathies, plexopathies, mononeuropathies (with
  particular reference to median, radial, ulnar, and trigeminal nerve), and polyneuropathies.
• Describe muscle structure at macro- and microscopic levels under both normal and pathologic
  conditions.
• List the clinical semeiotics and classification of muscular pathologies and myopathies.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Use methods of cognitive and functional examination.
• Categorise altered central and peripheral movements.
• Demonstrate a general understanding of the main degenerative and infectious diseases.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Recognise normal findings of an osteopathic examination of the neuro-musculo-skeletal system
2. Assess sacred-iliac dysfunctions
3. Modulate the basic techniques to suit the patient morphology and presenting clinical symptoms
4. Identify the proper treatment option for the specific case

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Outline primary and secondary osteopathic dysfunction
• Define HVLA manipulations
• Recognise normal findings of an osteopathic examination of the neuro-musculo-skeletal system
• List the basic structural and functional techniques
• Describe the anatomic structures involved in a specific technique

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Apply basic osteopathic articulation techniques and soft tissue techniques
• Undertake osteopathic clinical examination of the spine, of the chest cage and the lower
  extremities
• Practice lumbar spine, pelvic and sacroiliac techniques
• Practice techniques on the lower extremities
• Undertake safely corrections and normalisations
• Practice the correction of ribs and thoracic spine
• Undertake a full assessment of the pelvis

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Consider the cautions and contra-indications in the use of treatments to the upper limb
2. Analyse and manage information gleaned from an osteopathic examination.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Recall the anatomy and the physiology of the upper limb
• Define sideration, ponsage, induction, unrolling, and tissue cleavage of upper limb tissues
• Describe conoid and trapezoidal, sternum and clavicularl ligaments
• Describe stretching technique with and without the use of the upper limb.
• Describe ribs pressure test and balancing, and chest dislocation technique in the sitting
  position
• Demonstrate the knowledge of transverse and longitudinal release and describe the release band
  of the big pectoral and the small chest.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Apply osteopathic and soft tissue techniques, in the upper limb and shoulder area
• Integrate knowledge of anatomy while analysing information gleaned from an osteopathic
  examination.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Manage a complete cranial osteopathic treatment.
2. Modulate the techniques to suit the patient morphology and presenting clinical symptoms.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Define cranial osteopathy.
• Recite the theory and palpation of the cranial and neuro-skull sutures.
• Describe the embryonic skull development and the osteogenesis of the cranial bones.
• Describe the anatomy and osteopathic physiology of occipital and sphenoid bones and tell their
  features at palpation.
• Define the primary respiratory mechanism (cranial rhythmic impulse) and the reciprocal tension
  membrane (RTM).
• Describe the cranial holds.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Practice properly the cranial holds.
• Demonstrate the principles of patient moving and handling.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Ensure an effective communication.
2. Guarantee a good vocabulary in the medical and osteopathic field.
3. Ensure good speaking abilities with the patient.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Acquire academic writing strategies for writing scientific abstracts and articles.
• Acquire the reading comprehension of scientific article
• Write a submission letter, curriculum vitae, applications, and application forms.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Interpret and discuss scientific abstracts and articles
• Apply well-known academic writing strategies for writing scientific abstracts and articles.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Ensure the application of basic safety procedures.
2. Deal with the main possible dangers related to first aid.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Name instruments for first aid.
• Describe safety procedures.
• Define methods of body positioning.
• List procedure to address wounds and bleeding, burns and heat/cold injuries, suffocation and
  airway obstruction, drowning, heart attack, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, poisoning, fractures.
• Describe the medical care of the rescued.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Choose the proper safety procedures to be done in specific situations.
• Practice a cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Collaborate with other professionals and colleagues in the practice
2. Carry out tasks as asked
3. Advise the best treatment options

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Understand the principles of handling the patient
• Describe how a treatment needs to be managed

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Demonstrate good communication skills with the patient and other professionals
• Apply knowledge to the practice
• Identify relevant anatomical structures
• Undertake a full observation and assessment of the patient

Specifically, during this module, the student will see applied the techniques and concepts explained in
the modules:

• Structural Osteopathy II
• Fascial Osteopathy II
• Cranial Osteopathy I

The internship hours need to be completed in order to access the next internship module (from one year
to the other).
All the internship modules and hours need to be completed in order to complete the programme and obtain
the degree.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Deal with the treatment of patients with dysmetabolic pathologies.
2. Ensure the management of patients with malnutrition or with nutritional deficits or unbalanced
   diet.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Recall principles of biochemistry, physiology, anatomy and pathology.
• Define the nutrients and basic principles of physiological nutrition and balanced diet to
  maintain the health status.
• Describe the evaluation of nutritional status.
• List principles of nutritional therapy for metabolic pathologies of high prevalence in the
  population.
• Describe metabolic changes occurring in prolonged fasting and during a traumatic event.
• Define the malnutrition and list major clinical consequences associated with nutritional
  deficits or imbalances.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Demonstrate to have acquired knowledge about the onset of metabolic diseases.
• Demonstrate to have acquired knowledge about the onset of metabolic diseases.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Collaborate for achieve a differential diagnosis.
2. Comply with the practical procedures required.
3. Be responsible for the patient management.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Describe the general approach to the patient, and the clinical history collection.
• List and define main signs and symptoms.
• List approaches to detect and interpret symptoms
• Describe loss of consciousness.
• Define pain.
• Describe main cardiovascular symptoms.
• Describe main respiratory symptoms.
• Describe main hepatic symptoms.
• Define allergies.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Identify basic symptoms
• Evaluate reported symptoms
• Demonstrate good patient management.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Deal with patients affected by neurodegenerative pathologies or with altered immune response
2. Ensure the correct management of oncologic patients
3. Recognise anaphylactic or allergic reactions.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• List defenses of the body.
• Describe general infectious diseases.
• Differentiate from hereditary (or genetic) diseases and non-hereditary congenital illnesses.
• Identify karyotype alterations.
• Discuss about primary immunodeficiency and acquired secondary immunodeficiency.
• Describe acute and chronic inflammation.
• Define anaphylaxis and the different types of allergic reactions and recall the concept of
  autoimmunity.
• Describe Alzheimer’s disease, spongiform encephalomyelitis, and prionic diseases.
• Define etiology and pathogenesis of tumor and recall the concept of initiation, promotion,
  progression, tumor angiogenesis, and cellular invasiveness and metastasis.
• Describe general characteristics of the immune system.
• Define acquired immunity and inflammatory response.
• Describe the different antibody structures and the complement system.
• Define the role of major complex of histocompatibility.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Discuss about mediator, mechanism, and alteration of the immune response.
• Identify common symptoms of anaphylaxis and inflammation.
• Recognise the role of the different classes of immunoglobulins.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Manage the treat patients with neurological problems or cognitive deficits.
2. Ensure the proper treatment of patients with infectious diseases and cancer patients.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Describe prenatal and neonatal screening.
• List neural tube defects and main trisomy and monogenetic pathologies.
• List and describe endocrinopathies and test used their diagnosis.
• List and describe main dysmetabolic pathologies and their assessment.
• Describe physiopathology and diagnosis of myocardial infarct.
• List and describe the major tumoral markers.
• Describe the laboratory tests used in virologic diagnosis.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Explain characteristics of patients with neural tube defects.
• Discuss need of patients affected by genetic pathologies.
• Understand the management of patients with infective or oncologic patient.
• Demonstrate a basic knowledge on the functioning of the endocrine and metabolic system.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Deal with the examination of data obtained from different imaging methodologies.
2. Ensure the interpretation of imaging data.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Describe main techniques used in locomotor apparatus imaging.
• Describe how interpret an x-ray plate of the locomotive apparatus.
• Identify the imaging of bone, articulation, and soft tissues.
• Recognize alteration in bone mineral mass.
• Recall the anatomy of upper and lower limb, and spine.
• Define chondropathy and arthrosis.
• Recognise traumatic pathology (fractures, dislocations, ligament injuries).
• Describe hip disorders in child and adult.
• Identify knee disorders.
• Define foot abnormalities and deformities, such as flat feet, hollow foot, and hallux valgus.
• Describe ankle distortions and complications.
• Define cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine.
• Describe development, malformations, and anomalies of the spine, and its degenerative pathology.
• Describe chest deformations, scoliosis and scoliotic attitudes.
• List elbow, wrist, and hand disorders.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Apply basic understanding of the physics of X-ray and related imaging methodologies.
• Interpret imaging data.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Comply with basic principles of orthopedics.
2. Carry out the postural evaluation.
3. Ensure the application of techniques for testing spine, upper and lower limb.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Recall clinical evaluation protocols.
• Define postural evaluation methods and observations to detect types of posture and postural
  syndromes.
• List features of different spine district at palpation and the orthopedic examinations used to
  test joint and muscle function.
• Define injuries to spine and related tissues.
• List features of upper limb at palpation and the orthopedic examinations used to test joint,
  tendon, and muscle function.
• List features of lower limb at palpation and the orthopedic examinations used to test joint,
  meniscal, and tendon function.
• Describe how test cranial nerves, cerebellar function, and reflexes.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Demonstrate knowledge in postural evaluation.
• Apply techniques to evaluate the spine, and upper and lower limb.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Comply with the theory of rheumatology.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Recall anatomy, histology and physiology of the joints.
• List the laboratory examinations.
• Describe the different types of arthritis.
• Define gout.
• Describe bone disorders.
• List neurological and neurovascular disorders.
• Describe extra-articular rheumatisms.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Link results of diagnostic tests with the characteristics of diseases.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Conduct a full osteopathic assessment
2. Reflect on the development of self-management
3. Manage the osteopathic treatment with full comprehension of the implications

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Describe normal biomechanics of all spinal and peripheral joints with passive and active
  movements
• Explain the indications for the use of techniques
• Recall the main safety guidelines
• Describe possible contraindications with respect to the Cervical Spine
• Explain pain etiology and osteopathic differential diagnosis

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Undertake a complete clinical osteopathic examination of the cervical spine
• Practice manipulations of the wrist and hand joints
• Practice cervical-dorsal manipulation, with patient sitting and lying on the side
• Practice scapular and upper limb techniques
• Undertake a full test & diagnosis of disfunction
• Apply safety guidelines and indications to practice techniques
• Practice advanced HVLA techniques

The practical sessions will be held directly by the lecturer of the subject, in a room fully equipped
with osteopathic tables, this will allow the student to practice the principles and techniques studied
during the theoretical lectures.
The students will practice the techniques with other students, attending the same programme.
The practice in Osteopathy is particulary relevant, due to the nature of the profession.
The practice hours will alsa enable the student to master the techniques and treatment that will be
useful during the internship.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Manage a complete visceral osteopathy treatment.
2. Carry out the proper techniques.
3. Comply with the techniques of patient moving and handling.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Recall generalities, anatomy, ligaments, anatomical relationships, and physiology of esophagus,
  stomach, duodenum, and pancreas.
• Describe innervation, symptomatology and clinical signs.
• Define tests and evaluation protocols, such as ligament tests, and tests of inhibition,
  mobility, motricity, and density.
• Describe osteopathic treatments, such as corrections of mobility dysfunctions, neurovegetative
  corrections.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Demonstrate the principles of patient moving and handling.
• Apply the adequate techniques.

The practical sessions will be held directly by the lecturer of the subject, in a room fully equipped
with osteopathic tables, this will allow the student to practice the principles and techniques studied
during the theoretical lectures.
The students will practice the techniques with other students, attending the same programme.
The practice in Osteopathy is particulary relevant, due to the nature of the profession.
The practice hours will alsa enable the student to master the techniques and treatment that will be
useful during the internship.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Ensure a deep understanding of the parts of the skull.
2. Carry out corrective techniques.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Recall the anatomy and the physiology of movement.
• Describe the palpation of temporal, frontal, parietal, ethmoidal, zygomatic and vomer bones.
• Describe corrective techniques for temporal and parietal bone.
• Describe front lift, parietal lift, and decompression techniques.
• Define the flexion / extension palpation of sphenoid basilar symphysis.
• Describe palpation of the sacrum and assessment of flexion / extension mobility.
• Recall the vascularization of the skull.
• List techniques for venous sinuses and for the IV ventricle.
• Describe the fluctuation of the cerebrospinal fluid.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Apply the corrective techniques.
• Pursue an appropriate personal and professional conduct in the clinic setting.
• Choose between the various techniques.

The practical sessions will be held directly by the lecturer of the subject, in a room fully equipped
with osteopathic tables, this will allow the student to practice the principles and techniques studied
during the theoretical lectures.
The students will practice the techniques with other students, attending the same programme.
The practice in Osteopathy is particulary relevant, due to the nature of the profession.
The practice hours will alsa enable the student to master the techniques and treatment that will be
useful during the internship

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Comply with an appropriate personal and professional conduct in the clinic setting.
2. Ensure enhanced reflective skills for the patient management.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Describe vertical and oblique bundles of quadratus lumborum.
• Explain elongation of column erectors from the prone and all fours position.
• Describe grip to the leg with tissue elongation.
• Explain the psoas in supine position with ponsage and lateral decubitus.
• List the superficial fascial techniques.
• Recall the anatomy of the buccal floor, pharynx, hyoid bone, larynx and tongue
• Describe side, upper, lower or mixed translation dysfunctions, and treatments of lateral
  dysfunction and hypothyroid dysfunction
• List treatment with tissue stretching with grip on the sternal or midclavicular fork, and
  specific treatment of the cervical and medial surface (in the supine position) and the vascular
  loggia, and the treatment with forearm under the occiput scalene.
• Describe sideration of sternocleidomastoid muscle from sitting position and unrolling of the
  prevertebral fascia.
• List treatments of visceral and vascular cervical loggia and the chest.
• Recall theoretical and practical concepts of the muscle energy technique.
• Perform in-depth analysis of mobility, stability and integrity of the musculoskeletal system.
• Define biomechanical perspective of O-A joint, cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine, upper
  limbs, pelvis, and lower limbs.
• Describe the muscle energy technique for the correction of dysfunctions of Sacroiliac joints,
  lumbar spine, lower limb, foot, ankle, knee, hip.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Apply knowledge of anatomy and pathophysiology while analysing information gleaned from an
  osteopathic examination.
• Undertake osteopathic and soft tissue, neuromuscular and mobilisation techniques.

The practical sessions will be held directly by the lecturer of the subject, in a room fully equipped
with osteopathic tables, this will allow the student to practice the principles and techniques studied
during the theoretical lectures.
The students will practice the techniques with other students, attending the same programme.
The practice in Osteopathy is particulary relevant, due to the nature of the profession.
The practice hours will alsa enable the student to master the techniques and treatment that will be
useful during the internship.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Collaborate with other professionals and collegues in the practice
2. Deal with the patient needs and requests
3. Be responsible for a full treatment

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Understand the basic principles of handling the patient
• Describe how a treatment needs to be managed
• Illustrate treatment options

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Demonstrate good communication skills with the patient and other professionals
• Apply clinical knowledge to the practice
• Undertake a full observation and assessment of the patient

The student will start to practice in the professional context.

The student will practice during practice hours of the practical subjects and then will experience the
internship in the facilities in agreement with the institution.

Specifically, during this module, the student will see applied the techniques and concepts explained in
the modules:

• Structural Osteopathy III
• Visceral Osteopathy I
• Cranial Osteopathy II
• Fascial Osteopathy III & Muscle Energy Techniques

Competences:

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Monitor the causes of pain.
2. Collaborate with professionals that manage the physical and rehabilitative therapy.

Knowledge:

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Recall general concepts of pain and therapeutic programming.
• Define pain classification.
• Describe clinical techniques and semeiotics of joint.
• List hygiene and life standards.
• Describe purposes of physical and re-educational therapy, and employable methodologies.

Skills:

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Explain the causes of pain.
• Apply the concepts to the osteopathic practice

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Manage the treatment of pregnant patients or after pregnancy.
2. Manage the treatment of the child.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Describe characteristics of maternal and fetal systems during pregnancy in both normal and
  pathologic conditions.
• List the anatomical and physiological changes during pregnancy, and their role in the pathology.
• Describe the reproductive hormonal function in the female.
• List causes of infertility, the usable investigations and the infertility management.
• Describe methods of contraception.
• Describe pathology and management of lesions affecting the genitals.
• List conditions leading to genital prolapse and incontinence.
• Describe gynecological tumors.
• Describe development and growth of the pediatric population (infants, children and adolescents)
• List the main illnesses in pediatrics and their management.
• Describe the psycho-physical development and the neurological examination in newborn

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Demonstrate a good understanding of the anatomy of the female genital apparatus, especially in
  relation to pregnancy
• Outline the basic principles of the treatment during and after pregnancy
• State the specific needs of patient during or after a pregnancy.
• Explain the main diseases in the child.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Demonstrate a basic understanding of the principles of psychology and sociology.
2. Deal with psychological implication of illness.
3. Analyse the repercussions of psychological disorders on the body
4. Appraise the possible sociological involvements in the disease dynamics
5. Appraise psychological explanations of pain.
6. Be responsible for a proper communication with the patient.
7. Address the necessities coming from psychological discomfort
8. Deal with psychosomatic issues and pain

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Recall definition, purposes, origins, orientations and methods of psychology.
• Describe psychology in healthcare provider training.
• Differentiate physical and perceptual reality.
• Define cognitive functions.
• Describe learning, conditioning, thought concepts and categorizations, reasoning, imagination,
  problem-solving, decision-making, language and its development.
• Define the instinct.
• Describe the theory of the reduction of impulses, arousal theories and food intake,
  classification of needs and creation of motivational hierarchies.
• Define the socio-cognitive theories and the motivation to succeed.
• Describe the emotional process, the subjective experience, and the emotional regulation.
• Define personality and its development, the cognitive development, the attachment and defense
  mechanisms.
• Describe the verbal language and the nonverbal communication.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Evaluate psychological and sociological explanations of health and illness.
• Appraise psychological explanations of pain.
• Interpret the verbal and non-verbal communication.
• Identify the emotional status of the patient.
• Estimate the motivation of the patient.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Develop clinical reasoning skills
2. Collaborate with other professionals
3. Supervise a full osteopathic treatment
4. Produce a proper treatment pathway
5. Deal with possible complications
6. Apply the principles of differential diagnosis to the treatment
7. Evaluate and propose alternative therapeutic approaches
8. Analise the response of the patient to the treatment

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Outline the basic knowledge of the diagnosis
• Describe clinical manifestations, differential diagnosis, diagnosis and treatment
• Outline the basic knowledge of the diagnosis
• Identify common cervical spine syndromes, common clinical manifestations, differential
  diagnosis, diagnosis and treatment
• Describe clinical manifestations and differential diagnosis of the main pathologies that affect
  head and neck

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Apply a professional approach to normalizations
• Practice advanced techniques for the soft tissue of the upper and lower limbs
• Manage common mechanical lumbar and pelvic syndromes
• Practice HVLA technical review for the spine and for the ribs in inspiration and exhalation
• Illustrate the clinical indications and contraindications of HVLA techniques
• Practice advanced variants of the techniques
• Practice techniques on the sitting patient
• Practice direct techniques for sacral dysfunctions

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Deal with the complexity of the anatomy of mediastinal region.
2. Collaborate with other healthcare professionals ensuring personal and professional conduct in
   the clinic setting.
3. Ensure technical knowledge in order to evaluate and design an adequate fascial treatment.
4. Apply the principles of differential diagnosis to the treatment
5. Evaluate and propose alternative therapeutic approaches
6. Analise the response of the patient to the treatment

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Recall anatomy and physiology of diaphragm and endo-thoracic regions.
• List the specific tests to evaluate diaphragm, aponeurotic central axle, phrenic centre, chest,
  and abdomen.
• Describe the treatment of diaphragm, domes, pillars and bandellettes
• Describe the treatment of the omentum and ligaments of abdominal organs.
• Define the treatment of the origins, the treatment bandage, and unrolling techniques.
• Describe the sliding and unrolling of the peritoneal wall with hip flexion posterior and the
  treatment of abdominal visceral vascular drainage.
• Define the facial drainage treatment, the induction techniques, tissue elongation and rebound,
  and thoracic vascular treatment for portal vascularization.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Apply osteopathic and soft tissue, neuromuscular and mobilisation techniques.
• Demonstrate the understanding of patient moving and handling principles.

The practical sessions will be held directly by the lecturer of the subject, in a room fully equipped
with osteopathic tables, this will allow the student to practice the principles and techniques studied
during the theoretical lectures.
The students will practice the techniques with other students, attending the same programme.
The practice in Osteopathy is particulary relevant, due to the nature of the profession.
The practice hours will alsa enable the student to master the techniques and treatment that will be
useful during the internship.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Deal with the complexity of the anatomical relationships of liver, gallbladder, spleen, and
   intestine.
2. Ensure technical knowledge in order to evaluate and design an adequate treatment.
3. Collaborate with other healthcare professionals ensuring personal and professional conduct in
   the clinic setting.
4. Apply the principles of differential diagnosis to the treatment
5. Evaluate and propose alternative therapeutic approaches
6. Analise the response of the patient to the treatment

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Recall the anatomy and the physiology of the abdominal region.
• Remember clinical signs and symptoms related to abdominal cavity organs.
• Describe the palpatory evaluation and the specific tests usable to evaluate dysfunction of
  abdominal cavity organs.
• List the applicable approaches, treatments and maneuvers.
• Describe the differential diagnoses and the gender difference in the treatment.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Apply the proper test to evaluate the anatomical structures involved in the malaise.
• Choose and apply the suitable techniques for the treatment strategy
• Demonstrate appropriate personal and professional conduct in the clinic setting.

The practical sessions will be held directly by the lecturer of the subject, in a room fully equipped
with osteopathic tables, this will allow the student to practice the principles and techniques studied
during the theoretical lectures.
The students will practice the techniques with other students, attending the same programme.
The practice in Osteopathy is particulary relevant, due to the nature of the profession.
The practice hours will alsa enable the student to master the techniques and treatment that will be
useful during the internship.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Ensure technical knowledge in order to evaluate and design an adequate cranial treatment.
2. Collaborate with other healthcare professionals ensuring personal and professional conduct in
   the clinic setting.
3. Apply the principles of differential diagnosis to the treatment
4. Evaluate and propose alternative therapeutic approaches
5. Analise the response of the patient to the treatment

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Recall the anatomy of the nasal cavities and the oral cavity.
• Describe the diagnostic and corrective techniques usable for facial bones.
• Describe the etiopathology and physiopathology of facial bones and jawbone.
• List the correction techniques applicable to ethmoid, vomer, zygomatic, frontal, maxillary,
  palatal, nasal, lacrimal, mandible, and hyoid bone.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Properly choose and apply the cranial techniques.
• Provide a reasoned and justified explanation for the choice of core osteopathic techniques.
• Integrate knowledge of anatomy while analysing information gleaned from an osteopathic
  examination.
• Summarise gained knowledge effectively.

The practical sessions will be held directly by the lecturer of the subject, in a room fully equipped
with osteopathic tables, this will allow the student to practice the principles and techniques studied
during the theoretical lectures.
The students will practice the techniques with other students, attending the same programme.
The practice in Osteopathy is particulary relevant, due to the nature of the profession.
The practice hours will alsa enable the student to master the techniques and treatment that will be
useful during the internship.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Carry out analysis to make differential diagnosis.
2. Ensure a good understanding of immunity and self-immunity concepts.
3. Integrate the knowledge of the specific osteopathic subjects in order to be able to adapt the
   treatment

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Describe pains of mechanical and non-mechanical origin.
• Define pathological characteristics and clinical implications of inflammatory processes.
• Differentiate immunity and self-immunity.
• List and differentiate monoarticular pains.
• List and differentiate polyarticular pains.
• Describe the pelvic pain.
• List painful spine problems.
• List and differentiate foot illnesses.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Apply the methods of the differential diagnosis.
• Explain the methods applied to differentiate and discriminate illnesses.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Ensure appropriate personal and professional conduct in the clinical team.
2. Manage the main injuries in sports.
3. Supervise the dynamics of treatment in relation to matches and games.
4. Collaborate to interprofessional support.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Describe the role of osteopathy in the sport.
• Describe evaluation protocols in sport.
• List biomechanical analyses of injury dynamics.
• Clarify clinical approach and guidelines for osteopathic treatment.
• List protocols for injury prevention.
• Describe the psychological component in performance and injury recovery.
• Recall nutrition and supplementation.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Evaluate the dynamics of treatment in relation to matches and games.
• Analyse the importance of interprofessional support.
• Differentiate between the different types of support.

The practical sessions will be held directly by the lecturer of the subject, in a room fully equipped
with osteopathic tables, this will allow the student to practice the principles and techniques studied
during the theoretical lectures.
The students will practice the techniques with other students, attending the same programme.
The practice in Osteopathy is particulary relevant, due to the nature of the profession.
The practice hours will alsa enable the student to master the techniques and treatment that will be
useful during the internship.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Design a clinical study.
2. Carry out a bibliographic search by approaching the main data banks.
3. Produce scientific publications and presentations.
4. Analyse and critically comment the results.
5. Ensure a critical appraisal of data.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Describe the scientific research and the scientific method.
• Define theory, concept and construct.
• Describe the research process.
• Differentiate qualitative and quantitative research, study types, sampling and sample size.
• Define dependent and independent variables.
• Describe data collection instruments, data types, types of sources.
• Define the Evidence Based Medicine and Evidence Based Practice.
• Describe how review of the literature.
• Recall descriptive analysis and inferential analysis.
• Recall how publish results.
• Describe paradigms and methods for research in Osteopathy.
• Recall research hints and ethics.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Analyse and critically discuss the results.
• Write scientific abstracts and manuscripts and draw scientific posters.
• Demonstrate good critical appraisal skills.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Collaborate with other professionals and colleagues in the practice
2. Deal with the patient needs and requests
3. Be responsible for a full treatment
4. Plan a treatment strategy in the future
5. Apply differential diagnosis
6. Evaluate and propose alternative therapeutic approaches
7. Analise the response of the patient to the treatment

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Understand the basic principles of handling the patient
• Describe how a treatment needs to be managed
• Illustrate treatment options
• Critically appraise the possible treatment options

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Demonstrate good communication skills with the patient and other professionals
• Apply clinical knowledge to the practice
• Undertake a full observation, assessment and treatment of the patient
• Interact with other professionals for the treatment

The student will actively take part in the treatment of patients.

The student will practice during practice hours of the practical subjects and then will experience the
internship in the facilities in agreement with the institution.

Specifically, during this module, the student will see applied the techniques and concepts explained in
the modules:

• Structural Osteopathy IV
• Fascial Osteopathy IV
• Visceral Osteopathy II
• Cranial Osteopathy III
• Sports Osteopathy

The internship hours need to be completed in order to access the next internship module (from one year
to the other).
All the internship modules and hours need to be completed in order to complete the programme and obtain
the degree.

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the responsibility and autonomy to:

1. Identify a main area of interest
2. Choose a specific subject in relation to the programme on study
3. Analise the best evidence available
4. Reflect on the learning experience

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have been exposed to the following:

• Identify a specific research question
• Research the databases and available evidence
• Critically appraise the evidence
• Read and select the available literature
• Write in a good academic style
• Reference properly the sources

At the end of the module/unit the learner will have acquired the following skills:

• Improve communication skills
• Demonstrate writing and presenting skills